The Companies Act does not specify a minimum paid-up capital for private company. However, the promoters must allocate the funds so that they are adequate to launch and maintain the business.
Paid-in capital indicates the par value of all existing shares of a corporation. There are both regular shares and preferential shares outstanding. In the shareholders’ equity area of the balance sheet, you can find both par values and the number of outstanding shares while investigating a corporation. The number of approved shares will also be mentioned, although the total number of authorized shares has no bearing on the calculation of paid-up capital. The quantity of paid-up capital influences the occupation tax imposed by the state where a company is incorporated.
How paid-up capital is calculated?
When generating your balance sheet, you will consider the number of common shares and their par value. Par value is the foundation price at which each share is issued. To estimate your capital, you will multiply common shares by their base price or par value. For instance, if a corporation has 1 million outstanding shares with a par value of $3 each, the paid-up capital for the ordinary shares is $3 million.
After obtaining this amount, you must multiply the remaining preferred shares by their par value. For instance, if a corporation has 100,000 preferred stock with a par value of $15, multiplying $15 by 100,000 yields the preferred shares’ paid-up capital as $1.5 million.
Obtaining a Whole
The next step is to calculate the total paid-up capital of the firm by adding the paid-up capital for each class of shares issued by the company. In this example, the total paid-up share capital equals $4.5 million when the common paid-up capital of $3 million is added to the preferred share’s paid-up capital of $1.5 million.
Be aware that a corporation might not have issued all its authorized stock shares. For instance, a corporation’s certificate of formation may authorize it to issue five million shares, yet it could just have four million shares outstanding now. Unissued shares are excluded from the calculation of paid-up capital.
What is the minimum paid-up capital for a private company?
The Companies Act does not specify a minimum amount of paid-up capital that a Private Company must have. However, the promoters must allocate the funds so that they are adequate to launch and maintain the business.
The Authorized Capital and the Paid-Up Capital must be declared during the online registration process for a private business. Regardless of the amount of paid-up capital to be determined, the firm’s promoters must state that the approved capital is at least one lakh.
The paid-up capital might be between 200 and 80,000 rupees or more. The promoters have discretion over it. As was previously said, it needs to be adequate to support the business during its early stages. After paying for a workspace to rent or own, hiring staff, buying equipment and other assets, etc., expenses should be planned.
When determining the company’s paid-up capital amount, it must be considered that the sum mentioned above must be placed in the company’s account within 30 days of issuing and allocating shares. As a result, the sum to be paid must be divided so that shareholders can deposit the money in their accounts. If more money is needed, the corporation can raise it once more.
What is the maximum capital of a private company?
Authorized or nominal capital is defined as the maximum quantity of shares of a business permitted by its (MOA) memorandum of association in Section 2(8) of the Paid-Up Capital Companies Act of 2013. However, the authorized capital of a company is specified in or nominal capital can be changed with certain procedures that are governed by Sections 61–64 of the Companies Act, read together with Sections 13 and 14 of the act, which govern the changes to the Chartered Documents that are the company’s (MOA) Memorandum of Association and (AOA) Articles of Association.
Suppose ABC Pvt. Ltd. has an authorized share capital of Rs. Fifty lakhs, Rs. 30 lakhs of those shares have already been issued to shareholders. This indicates that ABC Pvt. Ltd. has not issued enough shares to cover its total paid-up capital as a private limited company. Simply put, a private limited company’s maximum authorized capital under the 2013 Companies Act is Rs. 20 lakhs, and they can issue shares without requesting an increase in authorized share capital. The private corporation may have up to 50 lakhs in the capital.
However, with the established cap of Rs. 50 lakhs in authorized share capital, ABC Pvt. Ltd. may only issue Rs. 60 lakhs worth of shares to shareholders. Then, it is impossible; nonetheless, the firm must follow the process for increasing the authorized share capital to do this. The corporation may issue shares to shareholders following such an increase.
Can a company reduce its paid-up capital?
Yes, it is possible. Capital reduction may be necessary for various reasons, including distribution of assets to shareholders, reduction of debt, compensation for trading losses, capital expenditures, etc. Frequently, businesses have more working capital and resources than they can utilize. In addition, when a firm incurs losses, its financial status does not accurately and fairly portray the organization. The assets are overvalued, and the balance sheet contains fictional assets with a debit balance in the income statement. The already-lost share of capital will be written off to reduce capital, making the balance sheet appear healthy.
Therefore, rebuilding in which the assets and obligations are reevaluated and losses are written off by reducing the number of paid-up shares. Without liquidating the business, such a procedure is known as internal reconstruction. It is an arrangement to limit creditors’ and shareholders’ losses.
In addition, exterior reconstruction, which is completely distinct from internal reconstruction, might occur for the following reason:
- To increase or establish distributable reserves to pay future dividends to shareholders.
- To return the capital surplus to shareholders
- To assist with a share repurchase or redemption
- As part of an arrangement scheme
How to reduce capital
Creditors rely only on the share capital of a corporation as collateral. Therefore, a drop in share capital reduces the fund from which dividends are to be paid. Consequently, companies with shares cannot regularly cut their capital. There may, nevertheless, be valid reasons to cut capital. The applicant for capital reduction will be either a company limited by shares or just a company limited by guarantee with share capital.
Capital can be reduced by utilizing one of the following strategies:
- Reduce the obligation of its shares about unpaid share capital.
- Cancel any paid-in capital lost or cannot be represented by available assets.
- Repay any paid-up share capital that exceeds the required minimum.
FAQ : minimum paid-up capital for private company
1. Can we withdraw paid-up capital?
The paid-up capital may be utilized per your company’s demands, such as making payments for goods or paying staff. You cannot withdraw it to pay for personal or business costs. You will be considered to have borrowed money from the corporation if you take that money out for personal use.
2. Who gives the paid-up capital?
Paid-up capital is the money a company gets when it sells its shares directly to shareholders and investors on the primary market. In other words, it is the sum of money investors pay to the business when they purchase stock.
3. Is paid-up capital taxable?
Any money paid by a firm to its shareholders that is liable to capital gains tax but is not considered income for tax purposes is a capital distribution from the company. Most of a business’s disbursements are in the form of taxable income distributions, like dividend payments.
Conclusion
At any given time, the paid-in capital may be equal to the authorized share capital or less. The company cannot issue more shares than the allotted authorized share capital. The Authorized Capital ceiling can be increased, though.
However, there is no longer a requirement of minimum paid-up capital for private company thanks to the Companies Amendment Act of 2015. Thanks to this modification, a business can now be incorporated with just Rs. 10,000 or less in paid-up capital.
If there are any changes to the authorized or paid-up share capital, the Registrar of Companies (ROC) must be informed. The updated information will subsequently be added to the Master Data of corporations on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) website, where the general public can examine it further.